T.P.I. -- CRIM. 2.02

BURDEN OF PROOF:  GENERAL

            The state has the burden of proving the guilt of the defendant beyond a reasonable doubt, and this burden never shifts but remains on the state throughout the trial of the case.  The defendant is not required to prove [his] [her] innocence.¹

FOOTNOTES

1.  Hardin v. State, 210 Tenn. 116, 355 S.W.2d 105 (1962), rehearing denied,            210 Tenn. 116, 356 S.W.2d 595 (1962); Frazier v. State, 117 Tenn. 430, 100

     S.W.2d 94 (1907); Marshall v. State, 528 S.W.2d 823 (Tenn. Crim. App.    

     1975); 1 WHARTON'S CRIMINAL EVIDENCE § § 10-11 at 9-11 (C. Torcia     

     13th Ed. 1972); Tenn. Code Ann. § 39-11-201(c).

COMMENTS

            1.  This instruction must be given in each case.